During development and maintenance of the brain, post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by neural stem cells (NSCs) and their progeny is very important. We are studying the mechanisms controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional level using state of the art gene expression and proteomic analyses. We address the role of the RNAase III Drosha, a component of the microprocessor complex, in NSC maintenance and differentiation. Proteomic analysis of NSCs performed in our lab identified a variety of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that seem be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression together with or independent of Drosha. We are examining the participation of specific RBPs in NSC biology and their functions in differentiation processes. One of our current interests is to elucidate their modes of action and potential links to human disease.